Java Introduction, History, and Features

 Java Introduction, History, and Features

Java is a General Purpose Programming Language. It is used for Software and Application Development. java is a High-Level Programming Language. Because all the codes written in it are in English and not in Numeric Codes, one can easily understand the codes written in it. That is why it has been included in the High-Level Language. In 1991 Java was originally developed by Sun Microsystem ink and later purchased by oracle.Java was developed by  Patrick Naughton and James Gosling. It is a simple programming language. Writing a program in Java programming makes it easy to compile and debug, plus it is also helpful in making programming any code useful again. Java is used to create web-based programming, mobile application, and software | All the operating systems of Android like KitKat, Lollipops, Oreo have all been developed from this programming language.

History of JAVA

Earlier Java was named 'Oak', it is the name of a tree. James Gosling and his cooperative where he worked for Java had a tree named 'Oak' and 'Oak' is also the national tree of many countries. That's why the name 'Oak' was named. But the name 'Oak' was already from Oak Technologies. Hence, 'Oak' was later renamed 'Java'.

Java versions

Released Dates

JDK Alpha and Beta

1995

JDK 1.0

23rd Jan 1996

JDK 1.1 - 19th Feb 1997

J2SE 1.2 - 8th Dec 1998

J2SE 1.3 - 8th May 2000

J2SE 1.4 - 6th Feb 2002

J2SE 5.0 - 30th Sep 2004

Java SE 6.0 - 11th Dec 2006

Java SE 7.0 - 28th July 2011

Java SE 8.0 - 18th March 2014

Java terminology

Before learning Java programming, let us understand some common terms related to Java: -

1. Java Virtual machine (JVM) This is commonly known as JVM (Java Virtual machine) Before we discuss JVM, let us see the steps of program execution - in Java the program is written first.

Then it is compiled.

Finally, the program is run.

Java Virtual machine is called JVM in short. It is a Virtual Computer, which runs all Java programs. When a program is written it is called Source Code, the same source code is compiled with the help of Java Compiler to generate Byte Code, JVM is used to execute this Byte Code. There is a JAVA Interpreter inside the JVM which runs the program. 2.

Java Development Kit (JDK)

JDK includes Java Runtime Environment, compiler, and various tools like Java debugger, etc. to compile it to build a Java program. It is mandatory to have JDK to run. 

3. JRE is a part of JDK, which means that JDK includes JRE. When JRE is installed in your system, you can run a java program, JRE in JVM, browser, plugins, and applets. Is included. This means that you need a JRE to run a Java program on your computer.

4. ByteCode is a bytecode intermediate machine-independent code in Java. It is a set of instructions for a Java virtual machine and it performs the same function as Assembler in C ++. In general, a bytecode is a code that is between the Low Level and High-Level languages. Bytecode is not processed by the processor and processed by JVM Java Virtual Machine. JVM's job is to call all the necessary resources to compile Java programs and make Bytecode independent. This is the biggest reason that Java is known as a platform-independent language. The intermediate code can run on any platform such as Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Features of Java

1. Platform Independent language: -It is language-independent, it does not need anything if you want to build software. JVM executes the bytecode created by the compiler. A bytecode that can run on any platform such as Windows, Linux, Mac, etc. operating systems means that the program that is compiled on windows can be run on Linux. Each operating system has different JVMs, however, the code they produce after the execution of bytecode is the same on all operating systems, so Java is a Platform Independent language.

2. Object orientation language:- Java is language, class-based and object-based. It is a way of writing programs as a collection of objects. There are 4 main concepts of object-oriented programming:

• Abstraction
• Encapsulation
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism

3. Simple:- Java is considered one of the simplest languages ​​because it does not have complications like operator overloading, multiple inheritances, pointers.

4. Robust Language:- Java is a strong and reliable language, the Java programming language has been developed in a way that initially places great emphasis on detecting errors. Javas compiler can detect errors that are not easy to detect in other programming languages. Key features of Java that make it strong

5. Secure:- Java is a secure language, pointers are not available in Java, so you cannot exit Array and if you try to do so, you get an Array Index Out of Bounds exception. This is why Java is called a secure language. Goes

6. Distributed language:- Java programming language we can create distributed applications, RMI (Remote Method Invitation) and EJB (Enterprise Java beans) are used to create distributed applications in Java. In simple words, Java programs can be distributed on more than one system which is connected to each other through the medium of the internet.

7. Multithreading: More than one program can be run simultaneously in this language.

8. Portable: This language can be run on any platform. That is, code written on one machine in Java can be run on another machine.

9 High Performance:- Java's compilers do not take much time for program execution, hence it is considered a high-performing language.

Java Introduction, History, and Features