database management system
A database is a complete collection of data, or raw facts, which represents an organisation’s information resource.
Like other resources, such as plant, equipment, and personnel, the information resource must be managed and maintained if it is to provide effective operational support. Since most medium to large scale organisations capture and store their data in computer based systems, database management activities are usually associated with computer processing. However, effective database management requires the classical human manager’s activities of planning, controlling, organising, and communicating. A database administrator’s position is often created to centralise these function for the automated data resource.
database management system
Database management activities involve the design, maintenance, and use of collections of data describing an organisation’s activities. These comprehensive collections of data, called databases, are usually computerized. Software called a database management system is used to enhance the effectiveness of database management by standardising data description and maintenance procedures, and by simplifying development of application software which uses the database.
The requirement for database management activities becomes greater as computer systems are asked to support the needs of analysis and decision makers at higher levels in a business organisation. This is so because of the unstructured nature of many of the decisions made at this level and because of the need of draw data together from different functional elements of the organisation.
database management system
Successful database management begins with effective database design. This design activity represents an effort to model organizational entities through data describing their activities and relationships. A three step record normalization process, which minimizes data redundancy and logical retrieval problems, is recommended as the approach to this grouping.
database management system
Database management software is available for all levels of computer sophistication, and is almost always purchased as a commercial product. Parameters for selecting an appropriate product must be evaluated in term of the needs of the purchasing organization. These parameter describe methods for defining the database, its output products and processing, its ease of use, and the degree to which the software can be integrated with other software products.
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